Key Occupational Therapy Interventions for Improved Cognitive Performance and Function

At Occupational Therapy Brisbane, we deliver personalised interventions backed by research to improve cognitive function in people with MCI and dementia. Our interventions include:

1. Comprehensive Cognitive Assessment

A detailed cognitive assessment is the foundation of effective therapy. Occupational therapists conduct evaluations to understand the person’s cognitive abilities, strengths, and challenges. This includes:

• Assessing functional cognition (e.g., ability to manage daily tasks)
• Identifying specific cognitive impairments, such as attention or memory deficits
• Understanding environmental and social factors impacting performance

By considering the scope of occupational therapy, these assessments guide individualised intervention plans.

2. Cognitive Training and Rehabilitation

Cognitive training focuses on strengthening cognitive skills through structured exercises and activities. Studies have shown that cognitive therapies can lead to significant improvements in memory, problem-solving, and executive functions.

Examples include:

• Cognitive exercises: Activities to enhance memory, attention, and reasoning.
• Dual-task training: Combining physical movement with cognitive challenges (e.g., walking while solving puzzles).
• Use of occupational therapy interventions for persons with memory loss, such as visual prompts and journaling.

3. Movement, Exercise and Activity-Based Interventions

Physical activity has a positive impact on cognitive and physical health. Our programs include:

• Walking Programs: Shown to improve global cognitive performance and physical function.
• Dance-Based Therapy: Group dance interventions improve memory, visuospatial skills, and executive function in individuals with mild cognitive impairment.
• Music and Movement: Interactive music activities combined with rhythmic exercises enhance cognitive engagement and emotional well-being.
• Exercise that covers aerobic, resistance, balance and new learning:  Yes, that sounds like a lot BUT there are many activities that can tick this box. Whether they are specific exercises or designed and tailored into an activity – this is where your occupational therapist can help.

These interventions help individuals with dementia stay active, connected, and mentally stimulated.

4. Reminiscence Therapy

Reminiscence therapy encourages individuals to reflect on their life stories, fostering emotional connection and cognitive stimulation. This approach is particularly effective for people with dementia and involves:

• Using photographs, familiar music, and meaningful objects
• Sharing personal experiences in a supportive environment
• Stimulating memory and reinforcing identity

Research shows that reminiscence therapy has a positive impact on cognitive performance, especially when delivered in group settings.

5. Environmental Adaptations and Home-Based Support

Our occupational therapists work closely with clients to create supportive, safe environments. This includes:

• Environmental assessments to identify cognitive barriers at home
• Practical solutions, such as visual reminders and organisation systems
• Teaching carers strategies to compensate for cognitive impairments while maintaining independence

By addressing both physical and cognitive environments, OT promotes successful participation in daily tasks.

6. Cognitive Stimulation Therapy (CST)

Cognitive stimulation therapy integrates meaningful activities to optimise cognitive health. This approach aligns with the principles of occupational therapy practice, engaging individuals in group or individual sessions that include:

• Games, puzzles, and creative arts
• Problem-solving activities to enhance cognitive flexibility
• Activities tailored to the individual’s interests and abilities

CST is particularly effective for individuals with mild to moderate cognitive decline, improving overall quality of life and delaying the progression of dementia.

Supporting Carers and Loved Ones Facing Cognitive Impairment

Caring for someone with cognitive decline can be challenging. Occupational therapy extends its support to carers, ensuring they are equipped to navigate their loved one’s journey. This includes:

• Education on dementia care and cognitive strategies
• Training on using adaptive tools and managing daily routines
• Emotional support to reduce stress and improve carer well-being
• You can access a range of programs to support your role as a caregiver. At OT Brisbane, we’ve our Dementia Therapy Services “Skills for Life” which offer practical, rehab like interventions for people living with MCI and early stages of dementia. You can also access the evidenced based program  “Tailored Activity Program”  or TAP for short that helps overcome changes in behaviour at home in people living with dementia.

Realistic Expectations and Long-Term Support

It is important to note that while occupational therapy provides significant benefits, there is no cure for dementia. However, through evidence-based interventions, individuals can experience improved quality of life, greater independence, and enhanced participation in daily activities.

At Occupational Therapy Brisbane, our approach evolves as needs change, ensuring that both individuals and carers receive ongoing, compassionate support.